Introspecting in the spirit of William James: Comment on Fox, Ericsson, and Best (2011).

Fox, Ericsson, and Best's (2011) thoughtful justification of the use of think-aloud protocols for revealing the stream of consciousness comes on the centennial of the death of William James, history's greatest practitioner and advocate of introspection. This confluence naturally invites speculation about how James might have responded to the analysis of Fox et al. I suggest that although James would likely view the think-aloud procedure as a scientifically rigorous form of introspection, he would also admonish us not to overlook its limitations. Most notably, although the think-aloud procedure readily captures substantive verbal thoughts, it is less able to capture inchoate cognitions. The conclusion that verbal protocols are nonreactive also raises several additional issues. First, the nonreactivity of thinking aloud does not necessarily speak to its validity. Second, the conclusion that verbal protocols are benign is at odds with recent findings in which verbalization impairs performance on various tasks. I suggest that whereas James might express some concerns regarding aspects of conscious thought that may be overlooked by the think-aloud procedure as well as some caution regarding the possible situations in which thinking aloud might still be reactive, he would almost certainly be pleased to see introspection finally getting the scientific grounding that it deserves. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Competing for consciousness: Prolonged mask exposure reduces object substitution masking.

In object substitution masking (OSM) a sparse, temporally trailing 4-dot mask impairs target identification, even though it has different contours from, and does not spatially overlap with the target. Here, we demonstrate a previously unknown characteristic of OSM: Observers show reduced masking at prolonged (e.g., 640 ms) relative to intermediate mask durations (e.g., 240 ms). We propose that with prolonged exposure, the mask's visual representation is consolidated, which allows processing of the lingering target icon to be reinitiated, thereby improving performance. Our findings suggest that when the visual system is confronted with 2 temporally contiguous stimuli, although one may initially gain access to consciousness above the other, the “losing” stimulus is not irreversibly lost to awareness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

佛教的生命哲学——以《大乘百法明门论》为中心研究

佛教学说是一个博大精深、具有浓厚神秘主义色彩的理论体系,它所包涵的内容极为丰富复杂,但从它的基本出发点和精神实质来看,佛教的思想核心中最为根本的就是它的生命哲学:从生生灭灭、生生死死不稳定痛苦的觉受里头,教我们对这种生命的体验里头看清生命存在的实相,从而觉悟、断除烦恼,脱离出生死苦海。本文以《大乘百法明门论》为我们示现通达生命实相的具体实践修行法门贯穿着古典认识论来探讨佛教的生命哲学。     

中华民族的自信意识与忧患意识辩证

自信意识与忧患意识体现了中华民族自信自强、居安思危的优秀品格,是中华民族精神的重要组成部分。自信意识是基于忧患的自警自励;忧患意识是基于自信的居安思危。中华民族对自信意识和忧患意识的辩证理解与亲身践履,无疑为中华民族优秀品格的形成、中华民族精神的创立奠定了基础。     

论高职思想政治工作中美的渗透

文章对高职思想政治工作中美及美的规律进行探讨。     

Object color preferences

In this article, we investigate how context influences color preferences by comparing preferences for “contextless” colored squares with preferences for colors of a variety of objects (e.g., walls, couches, and T‐shirts). In experiment 1, we find that hue preferences for contextless squares generalize relatively well to hue preferences for imagined objects, with the substantial differences being in the saturation and lightness dimensions. In experiments 2 and 3, we find that object color preferences are relatively invariant when the objects are (a) imagined to be the color that is presented as a small square, (b) depicted as colored images of objects, and (c) viewed as actual physical objects. In experiment 4, we investigate the possibility that object color preferences are related to the degree to which colors help objects fulfill particular functions or outcomes. We also discuss relations between our results and previous theories of color preference. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 38, 393–411, 2013     

日语授受表达方式中蕴含的日本文化

日语中表示授予和接受关系的表达叫做授受表达。根据物体以及恩惠利益的移动方向，授予方和接受方的地位立场的不同，有三种表达方式：“あける”系列、“くれる”系列以及“もらう”系列。日语授受表达这一语言现象折射出来了日本社会的“圈内”、“圈外”的内外思想以及恩惠意识等文化特性。     

木材纹理图案的美学研究

从木材美学研究的现状出发,首先对木材三切面的宏观纹理进行美学分析,阐述木材的自然纹理满足了人们视觉和心理情感的美学需求,接着对木材微观构造进行形式美法则的探讨,深层次地剖析木材微观纹理的美学形式。最后对其微观构造纹理进行图形处理,产生美妙的契合形图案,丰富了现代图案设计的素材库,表达了木材美学研究的重要意义。     

健美操教学中美感教育的频数统计分析

健美操的产生与发展是一个渐进的过程,它起源于人类对人体健与美的追求,健美操的发展史与人类审美观的形成是密切相关的,而美感是健美操教学和研究中与美的本质紧密相关的一个重要的问题。文中从美感的定义出发,从美学、教育方法论等多个角度详细阐述了健美操教学中的美感教育,并进行了丰富的实践统计。     

桥梁工程教学中若干能力培养的探索

为适应土木工程专业培养方案的需要和桥梁工程自身特点,在桥梁工程教学中结合相应教学知识点的讲授,增强美学、力学分析、防灾减灾、极端事件、工程风险等能力的培养,提高学生学习兴趣,增强学生将理论知识和工程实践密切联系的能力,培养素质高和创新能力强的桥梁工程专业学生。